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Arthritis is the inflammation of one or more joints and encompasses over 100 conditions affecting the joints, surrounding tissues, and other connective tissues. While many types of arthritis share typical symptoms such as joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and limited mobility, they can vary in causes and treatments. Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent form and is a chronic condition affecting predominantly weight-bearing joints like the knees, hips, and spine. This disease deteriorates the protective cartilage on bone ends, narrowing the joint space and potentially leading to bone overgrowth, spurs, and reduced functionality.
While it commonly occurs as people age, younger individuals may be susceptible due to injury or overuse. In South Africa, osteoarthritis presents a prevalence rate of 55.1% in urban areas and between 29.5% and 82.7% among adults over 65 in rural regions. A 2023 study by Lancet predicts nearly 1 billion people will have osteoarthritis by 2050 due to factors like ageing, population growth, and obesity.
Symptoms and signs of arthritis typically include:
The cause of arthritis varies depending on the type. For instance, osteoarthritis stems from the cumulative wear and tear on joints over time or through overuse. Autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and scleroderma occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's tissues, while gout is due to joint crystal accumulation. Some forms are genetic, whereas others have unknown origins.
The cause varies according to the type you have:
There is no cure for arthritis; however, the symptoms and progression can be managed with early diagnosis and treatment, like other chronic diseases. Treatment strategies depend on the specific type of arthritis, its severity, and the individual's general health, focusing on reducing pain and inflammation and maintaining joint function.
At Medshield, we advise consulting with a healthcare provider if you experience joint pain severe enough to disrupt daily activities or if your mobility seems impaired. Healthcare providers can help identify suitable treatments to manage symptoms. Early diagnosis and intervention can significantly impact long-term joint health. Medshield members can rest assured that arthritis treatments, including over-the-counter medications, are covered under our comprehensive and affordable benefit plans designed to meet diverse healthcare needs throughout your life journey.
Arthritis leads to joint damage characterised by pain, stiffness, and inflammation. While there are over a hundred types of arthritis, the most common are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, predominantly affecting individuals over fifty but not sparing younger people. Although arthritis can impact any joint, the hands, wrists, knees, hips, feet, ankles, shoulders, and lower back are commonly affected.
Consult a doctor if you're experiencing significant joint pain affecting daily life. Discuss your specific arthritis risks and potential warning signs with your healthcare provider. Medshield is committed to supporting your healthcare journey, offering top-notch services tailored to meet your needs at competitive rates.
Even though there is no cure for arthritis, lifestyle adjustments can alleviate symptoms and enhance the quality of life. Steps can be taken to reduce the risk or delay its onset, such as maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, optimising oral health, adopting a nutritious diet, and limiting alcohol intake. Embrace these modifications to promote joint health and well-being, ensuring an improved quality of life despite the challenges of arthritis.
Arthritis can affect anyone, but certain risk factors include: